Shelter makes the point on their website (https://england.shelter.org.uk/) that the Social Housing (Regulation) Act is now law – but the government must do more. After years of demanding positive change to protect tenants, this legislation is a huge step forward.
But stronger regulation alone isn’t enough. Investment in more social housing is desperately needed to help over a million households stuck on social housing waiting lists and the 100,000 households who are homeless right now, they say.
The following is an extract from their proposals.
There is a social housing deficit. More people than ever are struggling to afford a secure place to live. Yet, not enough social homes are being built. Over 1 million households are waiting for social homes. Last year, 29,000 social homes were sold or demolished, and less than 7,000 were built.
In England, there are now 1.4 million fewer households in social housing than there were in 1980.
As a result, millions of households have been pushed into the private rented sector, which has more than doubled in this time.
Their facts and figures explain the issue. There are not enough homes in the UK. They state that a home is a fundamental human need. But right now, there are simply not enough good quality, low-cost homes available for everyone who needs one.
Social housing on the decline. Social housebuilding in England is at its lowest rate in decades. Since 1991, there has been an average annual net loss of 24,000 social homes. Fewer social homes are built, compared to those lost through sales and demolitions. The result is a deficit in social housing.
home cost 8 x average salary.
There are many unaffordable homes. The housing emergency is affecting many people across the country. Priced out of owning a home and denied social housing, people are forced to take what they can afford. Even if it’s damp, cramped, or away from jobs and support networks. Social housing has declined as fewer homes have been built in England since 1923
Private housebuilding and social housing delivery peaked in England in the 1930s and again in the 1950s through to the 1970s, with house prices climbing gradually.
Since the 1980s, construction of social housing and private homes has severely declined, with steep increases in house prices from the mid-1990s onwards.
Housebuilding has almost halved in 50 years. In the 1960s, 3 million homes were built in England. Since 2010 the UK has built just 1.3 million homes. This is one reason why house prices are so high. And the UK relies on the private sector to build houses. And the goal of the private sector is to make a profit.
When fewer people can afford to buy their own home, it affects the number of homes developers sell. And as a result, developers build fewer homes.
Since 1990, as part of their developments, developers must contribute about a quarter of new builds as Affordable Housing (AH). So, when private developers don’t build houses, that means we’re losing out on social housing too.
So, what is ‘affordable housing’? The government’s definition of Affordable Housing (AH) is housing for sale or rent for those whose needs are not met by the market. This includes housing that provides a subsidised route to home ownership and/or is for essential local workers.
This definition complies with one or more of the following definitions, social rented housing – low rent and secure housing which is prioritised by need. Affordable rent – this is higher rent (80% of the market rate). It is less secure housing, prioritised by need. Subsidised home ownership. Starter homes. Discounted market sale housing. Shared ownership – housing where you buy part of a home and pay part rent.
Since 2000, successive governments have known that too few homes are being built and set a target of 250,000 new homes annually. Each year this target is missed. UK is now short of around 1.5 million homes.
The reliance on developer contributions to deliver affordable homes means that when fewer houses are built, social housing levels fall. Since the 1980s, the UK has seen private developers build less.
Worse still, the government has abandoned social housing delivery to the private market, hoping profit-seeking developers will build social housing as part of their planning permission. Today, the government provides very little direct funding for social housing. That strategy has obviously failed and is the main reason why there’s such a social housing deficit.
The percentage of renters in overcrowded homes has steadily increased since 1995. Since 2000, the percentage of renters in overcrowded homes increased from 4.5 to 7.6.
People become overcrowded when there is not enough affordable housing available, or when housing costs are high.
On top of this, many families up and down the country are forced to settle for temporary homes.
People ending up in temporary accommodation (TA) has more than doubled in the past decade,
It last hit this level in 2007, just before the financial crisis. This is when housing costs rocketed,
even though the waiting list for social housing has flattened since 2012, the number of families in TA is back up.
Since 2012, the waiting list for social housing in England seemed to flatten. However, it’s important to note this isn’t because desperate families were placed in social housing.
The reason goes back to 2011 when councils purged their waiting lists due to a massive shortage of social homes. In 2011, councils were given more flexibility in how they managed their waiting lists. This included limiting lists to people who lived locally for a certain length of time.
Many councils introduced new criteria to help manage how they provided social homes. If families didn’t meet these criteria, they were removed from council waiting lists.
The impact is clear. Since 2012, more people have been forced into temporary accommodation because there are simply not enough social homes available.
While need for social homes is up, the number built is falling. And while the government has spent money on so-called ‘affordable’ housing – homes that aren’t affordable to most people – it has failed to put enough money towards social housing.
In England, owing to sales through Right to Buy and demolitions, we’re losing social housing every year. And now there are 1.4 million fewer households in social housing than there were back in 1980.
That’s why Shelter are calling on the government to build at least 90,000 social homes a year, to ensure everyone has a safe place to call home.
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If you would like further information on our Housing association homes, please get in touch.
Credit: https://england.shelter.org.uk/